Aprendizaje Práctico Orientado a la Industria en Tiempos de Pandemia: Adaptándose Al Aprendizaje en Línea y al Aprendizaje de Laboratorio

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on industry-oriented practical education, especially in terms of limited access to laboratories and workshops. However, advances in technology and adaptation to new active learning methods have enabled continuity of learning and the development of practical skills online. In this literature review, several approaches to practical online and laboratory teaching in times of pandemic are examined, including problem-based learning, project-based learning, and virtual laboratory simulations. The pedagogical content knowledge framework is also discussed as a tool for designing learning activities that promote the development of practical skills and the application of theoretical knowledge. Finally, the need for greater collaboration between educators and educational technology researchers to develop innovative solutions for practical online and laboratory teaching is highlighted.