Familias Monoparentales y el Desarrollo Socioafectivo de Niños de 4 a 5 Años

The objective of this research is to analyze the affective and sociological aspects of the development of children from 4 to 5 years old who are part of a single parent family; to know the incidence of family structures in the process of socialization among peers and in the affective environment of boys and girls. The work was developed using a qualitative approach and consists of two parts. One is the collection of theoretical data; that presents a brief journey through the time of the evolution of the family, from the most primitive forms to the current ones, setting a central point of attention in the characterization of the single-parent family and also, the characterization of the socioaffective development and the child-rearing practices of 4-5 years. The other part is the analysis of the information collected through participatory observation in the educational institution at the Initial and High School levels. In this institution, daily activities were observed in a participatory way. Using the data collected through a field diary and an observation file, the problem investigated is discussed, articulating theory and practice. This experience: participatory observation and theoretical analysis; helped to reflect on teaching practice and gradually improve teaching work as future educators, the relationship with the family and interaction with the community. Once the research was carried out, it was obtained as results that the family structure does not modify or alter the full socio-emotional development of the child, but rather, what is truly important for this social and affective process is the context, the family environment where the child and the girl remains her first years of life.