Extraction, separation, and purification of cannabinoids from the Cannabis sativa L. plant using dry ice and solvents such as hexane and ethanol to determine the most efficient method

This study analyzes the extraction of oil from Cannabis sativa L, which has a sticky and viscous appearance. At present it has become popular for its medical potential as an alternative to the prevention and control of many diseases, a possible cure for some types of cancer or for the treatment of neurological diseases. Its preparation using dry ice at -78°C, 96% ethanol and hexane as solvents, following a process of preheating, decarboxylation, filtration and distillation, have been an option for the concentrated extraction of cannabinoids. The time, temperature, amount of raw material used (Black Dominata) and solvents were mainly studied, in such a way that the most suitable conditions for the active principles can be determined and thus propose a method of preparation of cannabis oil and optimize the results. extraction processes. In order to obtain the results of this work, an analysis was made through GC/MS (gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry), where an average of 26.13% CBD (cannabidiol) was determined; 10.4% yield using 96% ethanol and 12.11% yield with hexane, and total cannabinoid concentrations in the range of 75.93%-78.09% between both methods. Unlike other studies, such as the case of Marchena Pinilla [1], who obtained <0.0050 cannabinoids in their samples; Ojeda [2] with 7.42% and the study by Lui et al. [3] talks about the fact that there were no efficient results. Thus, concluding that the extraction method, using hexane and ethanol together with dry ice as solvents, is efficient compared to other studies carried out.