Despliegue Óptimo de Redes de Distribución y Generación Distribuida para Microrredes Eléctricas Hibridas Ca Aisladas Usando Método Heurístico

Electric microgrids can be defined as an aggregation of loads and small energy generating sources operating as a single power and heat system. In the research, microgrids are addressed as an optimized and scalable solution in populations of Guayaquil, Ecuador, which present characteristics of constant growth, with an increasing demand for electrical energy. This situation has caused constant voltage drops and loss of power in the power lines due to the lack of energy supply to the network due to the high demand. That is why the implementation of electrical microgrids would constitute a feasible solution, either to operate connected to the electrical grid or in isolated mode, constituting another advantage of its implementation. However, the optimal selection of the location of distributed generation centers and the deployment of distribution networks is currently a problem. The objective of the research is to develop a heuristic method based on K-means, minimum spanning tree and force that allows the optimal deployment of distribution networks and distributed generation for isolated AC hybrid electrical microgrids. The research has a non-experimental research design, with a descriptive scope and a quantitative approach. A heuristic method was developed that allows the optimal deployment of distribution networks and distributed generation for isolated AC hybrid electrical microgrids. The solution proposal obtained, based on a heuristic method of the family of brute force or exhaustive search algorithms, is novel, seeks the optimal solution, is finite, scalable and has low computational cost. It constitutes an innovative solution for the optimal selection of distributed generation centers and the deployment of distribution networks, specifically in the location of solar panels, diesel generators and transformers.