Use of Moringa Oleifera as a Natural Coagulant in the Reduction of Water Turbidity in Mining Activities

Mining is a key industrial activity contributing to the global economy, but it generates large volumes of wastewater with high turbidity due to mineral extraction and processing. In Ecuador, the growth of industrial and artisanal mining has worsened water pollution. Effective wastewater management is essential to mitigate the environmental impacts. Traditionally, chemical coagulants like aluminum sulfate reduce water turbidity, but they have drawbacks such as high costs, chemical waste generation, and adverse health effects. The residual aluminum in drinking water can harm the central nervous system and is linked to diseases like Alzheimer’s and dialysis-related conditions. Given these concerns, evaluating plant species as natural coagulants is crucial. Moringa oleifera, widely found in tropical dry forests, has shown effectiveness in water treatment. This study assesses the efficacy of Moringa oleifera paste as a natural coagulant to reduce turbidity in mining wastewater compared to the efficacy of aluminum sulfate. Coagulation and flocculation tests determined the optimal doses and efficiency of both coagulants. The results indicated that Moringa oleifera achieved an 85% turbidity reduction compared to a 92% reduction with aluminum sulfate. This demonstrates its viability and effectiveness as a sustainable, economical, and safe alternative for water purification, promoting environmentally friendly practices in the mining industry.