Routing Protocols Implementation for WSN Using Optimal Dimensioning

In a wireless sensor network (WSN), achieving efficient transmission in terms of energy consumption while guaranteeing low packet loss with the highest data transmission rate requires adequate processing in the analysis and calculation of the best routes to send the information from a source node to the data aggregation point. On the other hand, the optimal sizing of a network seeks that the physical resources of the technologies used in wireless sensor networks can not only reduce implementation costs by considering, for example, capacity and coverage constraints but also seeks to ensure the connectivity of the nodes and the correct operation of the network. Thus, this work aims to show through practical implementation, that the optimal planning and deployment of a wireless sensor network influence the routing protocols in this type of network since the correct location of the data concentrator nodes would allow optimizing the links between nodes so that the latency and packet loss rate is reduced. Routing algorithms such as LEACH and PEGASIS are considered as well as the implementation of routing based on the solution of the minimum spanning tree optimization problem using Dijkstra or PRIM. The implementation and evaluation are applied with ZigBee which allows the deployment of multiple network topologies for WSNs in a fast and flexible way.