Interaction of Dye Molecules with Fungi: Operational Parameters and Mechanisms

Dyes can cause considerable pollution that directly affects the environment. Diverse industries produce a significant amount of dyes every year. Therefore, various technologies have been developed to face this problem. Compared with traditional methods, the fungal mechanism has significant advantages. Fungal selection is based on the pollutants present in the medium and all the treatments used before fungal applications. Fungal biosorption and enzymatic degradation are relevant mechanisms of dye degradation. Some fungal enzymes and external factors (redox mediator, pH, temperature, oxygen concentration, carbon source) are essential in this process. We reviewed the importance of fungal technology as an alternative mechanism.