An Unified Multi-platform IoT Architecture Leveraging gRPC for Seamless Integration of LoRaWAN, MQTT, and HTTP Protocols

The rapid increase in Internet of Things (IoT) devices has given rise to various communication protocols focused on solving user and service requirements, increasing complexity and operational overhead. To address this challenge, we propose an architecture for a multi-protocol IoT platform that leverages the power of gRPC for LoRaWAN device management. Furthermore, the proposed framework unifies the LoRaWAN, MQTT, and HTTP protocols, allowing for a middleware that simplifies IoT systems’ deployment, management, and maintenance. The architecture is designed to achieve low-latency communication. The results showed that the proposed IoT platform architecture implemented simplified management of traditional IoT infrastructure and provided enhanced security through JWT and RBAC token-based authentication. Additionally, the testing demonstrated significant performance gains, with latency reductions and robust security handling, positioning this architecture as a scalable and flexible solution for real-world IoT applications. Finally, ensured secure and efficient operations on multiple sensors. Looking ahead, we are considering solutions based on blockchain, hybrid clouds, and fog computing as part of our ongoing development and innovation in this field.