Advancements in Urban Water Consumption Management: A Review of Digital Transformation Through Smart Meters, Management Platforms, and Artificial Intelligence

This paper systematically reviews the main aspects of the digital transformation of urban water consumption systems that contribute to implementing smart meters, management platforms, and AI algorithms. The main research results revealed that smart meters have a high level of development in their measurement and connectivity technologies. In addition, blockchain is considered for implementing sensor networks and managing the computing platform. The core feature platform is a collection of technologies, such as leak monitoring and detection, billing services and financial management, and information management; these features are the most important in supporting all aspects of maintenance, infrastructure, and control involved in urban water treatment. Finally, we present AI methodologies to predict users’ consumption and persuade them to consume less urban water. This paper compiles and compares previous studies on these topics.