A REVIEW ON RELEVANT FAILURE MODES IN ELECTRIC MACHINES

Rotating electrical machines play an important role in industrial and power generation systems, yet their reliability is challenged by diverse failure modes due to mechanical, electrical, and environmental factors. This paper presents a review of common failure modes in synchronous and asynchronous machines, with a focus on prevalent faults such as bearing wear, winding degradation, rotor bar fractures, and permanent magnet demagnetization. The analysis examines the root causes, cascading effects, and interdependencies of these failures, revealing that bearing failures constitute 51% of total faults, while stator and rotor failures represent 16% and 5% respectively. A Failure Mode and Effects Analysis identifies critical components and guides the development of maintenance strategies. This study contributes to the advancement of fault diagnosis and prevention, enhancing operational reliability in rotating electrical machinery, while providing a foundation for developing intelligent maintenance systems.