Smart White Cane for Unevenness Detection Using an Optical Device for Visually Impaired People Assistance

This article presents the development of a device adaptable to a white cane to assist the mobility of blind people. The objective of the proposal is to detect unevenness that represents a risk. The device consists of an optical sensor that sends signals to a microcontroller which generates alerts to the user according to the depth. It includes a distance sensor based on laser imaging detection and ranging (Lidar) technology adapted by a portable and easy-to-maintain mechanism. The proposal has been designed to be non-invasive with the user improving hand posture and avoiding common diseases caused by inadequate postures. In addition, the device includes a wireless charging technology to reduce manipulation by the user. The device incorporates a microcontroller which is responsible for obtaining signals which are processed to generate alerts to the user. The controller algorithm can be customized by users of different builds to allow operation in different conditions. The algorithm controller can be adapted to different users’ physical complexions allowing convenient and extended use. This proposal seeks for a comfortable design allowing the user to maintain the natural hand position, reducing risks of body posture-related disease. The Lidar sensor and the implemented algorithm permit to detect unevenness which is a major threat for mobility. The device has been subjected to various tests using different materials and slopes to verify the correct operation obtaining satisfactory results over refracting surfaces.