Optimal Capacitor Placement and Sizing in Radial Distribution Networks, Using Modified IGHS

This research focuses on the optimization of electrical distribution networks by the means of locating and sizing capacitors, for reducing system losses. In the iterative and combinational process of finding the most optimal results, an Improved Global Harmonic Search (IGHS) algorithm has been used, in combination with the Matpower tool in order to solve radial power fluxes. For the purpose of locating the buses where the best results are obtained, and to reduce the search space, a Loss Sensitivity Factor (LSF) was used. In the minimization model, voltage restrictions, power factor, and reactive overcompensation were considered; the time considered for the study was fifteen years. To test the method used, two model radial systems (IEEE 33 and 69 buses) have been optimized. The technical and economic analysis of the results, allows us to conclude that the investment in reactive compensation equipment for the two model systems is recommended, and brings improvements corcerning not using them, the implementation will allow solving problems concerning losses, better use of the networks, the longer useful life of the equipment connected to it, power factor correction, and voltage improvement. The study with capacitors with automatic steps is presented, since compared to better technology equipment they are more economical and practical for their application in radial distribution networks, whose characteristic is that they reach many kilometers in length. For more polluted networks where capacitors cannot be used, this study can serve as a starting point for the location and sizing of other compensation devices.