La Vitamina d en el Foco de la Enfermería: Un Análisis Sistemático de su Relación con el Covid-19

Problem: This study addresses the important question of whether vitamin D levels have a significant impact on COVID-19 infection and mortality, especially from a nursing perspective. Methodology: A systematic bibliographic review was carried out, focused on clinical and clinical research studies published between 2021 and 2023 in nursing journals. Two databases were used: Scopus and PubMed, in Spanish and English, applying inclusion criteria such as "clinical trial" and "clinical research" and exclusion to select relevant articles. Results: 182 articles were initially identified, of which 111 were retained after applying inclusion criteria. These studies were categorized into four groups: 24% of the studies found no significant association, 19% related COVID-19 to low levels of vitamin D, 28% suggested a beneficial effect of vitamin D in reducing infection and/or mortality, and 29% stated that there is such a beneficial effect but emphasized the need for more research. A statistical analysis using a chi-square test did not reveal significant differences between these categories, suggesting that it cannot be established that some conclusions are more marked than others. However, if grouped together they suggest a beneficial effect and the need for more research, a significant 57% are obtained in favor of the use of vitamin D in the care of patients with COVID-19. Conclusion: This study highlights the complexity of the relationship between vitamin D and COVID-19, underscoring the need for additional research to draw more definitive conclusions. The findings have significant implications for the field of nursing, as a better understanding of this relationship could influence the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.