Aislamiento y Cuantificación de los Genes Actin, Ruans y Rumyb10, Involucrados en la Expresión de Antocianinas en Mora de Castilla Mediante Rt-qpcr

Orchids constitute a highly diverse group, with over 35,000 species, 25,000 of which are known worldwide, and they are distributed across the globe. Ecuador, with its multiple microclimates, provides a favorable environment for the development of endemic orchids (40% of the total species), and is therefore also a valuable source of genomic material that requires conservation. This study focused on developing a cryopreservation protocol for seeds of the species *Elleanthus capitatus*, using plant material from the Ecuadorian Orchid Germplasm Bank Phase I (Cotacachi-Cayapas section). The interaction of cryoprotectants (DMSO, sucrose, and glycerol) and two freezing techniques was evaluated: Rapid: seeds are immersed directly in liquid nitrogen, and Stepped: the temperature is initially lowered to -80°C and then the seeds are immersed in liquid nitrogen. Viability and turgor in vitro were evaluated, with treatment 1 (T1: DMSO in rapid freezing) showing the best results, reaching 64.77% viability in TTC and 100% in the embryo presence test; and the highest response in in vitro culture was also observed, with 82.5% seed turgor.