Incidencia de Genotipos de Alto Riesgo del VPH en Mujeres de 20 a 65 Años, Detectadas en el Hospital Pablo Arturo Suárez

HPV infections represent a major threat to global public health, and cervical cancer is one of the most serious associated complications. In Ecuador, the prevalence of HPV and its link with cervical cancer is a relevant health problem, especially in low-income women, with a high mortality rate. This study determined the incidence of high-risk HPV genotypes in samples from women aged 20 to 65, detected at the Hospital Provincial General Pablo Arturo Suárez from 2023 to 2024.The researchers analyzed 23,968 samples and found that 15.88% (n=3,805) tested positive for high-risk HPV infections. The highest incidence was observed in the 20-25 age group (35.2%) and in the provinces of Carchi and Bolivar (18.3% and 18.0%, respectively). The most frequently identified genotypes were 52 (4.87%) and 16 (3.55%). The study highlights that the risk of developing cervical cancer before the age of 75 in the Ecuadorian population is estimated at 20%. Therefore, it concludes that prevention and early detection are crucial. This study contributes updated data on the incidence and distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes in Ecuador. It indicates the importance of implementing HPV prevention and early detection programs to reduce the associated disease burden.