Evolución de las Redes Eléctricas Hacia Smart Grid en Países de la Región Andina

One of the great current questions is related to the generation and use of electric energy, since an increase in generation costs is expected, including the countries of the Andean Region. Therefore, this article first presents an analysis of the problems involved in the configuration of the current electrical power systems, then some important components and their requirements that lead the evolution of the electrical energy distribution system towards the Smart Grid, which provides greater intelligence to the system (advanced metering infrastructure), integrating information and communication technologies (telecommunication architecture models), offering a better use of alternative energy sources (distributed generation - microgrids), a faster response to failures and an adaptation to the use of electric vehicles (interaction between power grid and connected electric vehicles). The above in view of the evolution of Smart Grid in the countries of the Andean Region.