Embedded Interactive Cubes for STEAM Education: A Low-Cost Wireless System Integrated with a Multisensorial Mobile Laboratory

This study presents the design and functional validation of a programmable embedded system composed of interactive cubes, developed as a technological learning tool for children aged four to six. The system supports STEAM-based education by integrating sensor-based data acquisition, wireless communication, and dynamic LED visualization into a cohesive platform. Each cube incorporates an ESP32 microcontroller and an MPU6050 inertial sensor to detect its orientation in real time. Orientation data is published over Wi-Fi in JSON format, allowing external systems–such as a multisensorial mobile laboratory to retrieve the cube’s state. The cubes also support two display modes: a synchronous mode driven by the Distributed Display Protocol (DDP), and an asynchronous mode showing predefined visual patterns stored in memory. The system was validated in a controlled setting, showing stable operation despite moderate wireless latency. Preliminary trials with children under professional supervision revealed encouraging interaction results. While a full pedagogical study is pending ethical approval, this study establishes the viability of a low-cost, modular solution for early education. The proposed system offers a foundation for future developments in multisensory educational tools, with potential applications in inclusive, therapeutic, and interactive learning environments.