Características Epidemiológicas del Uso de Antibióticos en Pacientes con Trauma Quirúrgico Atendidos en el Sur de Ecuador: Un Sistema de Soporte Basado en Aplicaciones Móviles y Minería de Datos

Translated title of the contribution: Epidemiological Characteristics of the Use of Antibiotics in Patients with Surgical Trauma Treated in the South of Ecuador: A Support System Based on Mobile Applications and Data Mining

Patricia Vanegas Izquierdo, Karina De Lourdes Serrano Paredes, Julio Jaramillo Oyervide, Carina Serpa Andrade, Carlos Flores Montesinos, Diego Fernando Quisi Peralta, Mayra Priscila Cabrera Prieto, Vladimir Espartaco Robles Bykbaev

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that 1 in 10 deaths in the world is due to accidents (trauma). Therefore, in the field of pre-hospital trauma care, adequate and timely treatment in the critical period may define the survival of a patient. Likewise, within the process of trauma patient care, there may be circumstances in which it is necessary to administer antibiotic therapy in order to avoid infections. Therefore, this work aims to contribute to the rational use of antibiotics in this type of patients, using data mining techniques to reduce the time required to select the most appropriate antibiotic for each case. To achieve this objective, a mobile application was developed to collect information on all patients treated in a public hospital and a private hospital in southern Ecuador during a period of 3 months. With this data, a decision support system based on cluster analysis was designed and classification techniques based on machine learning such as Random Forest and neural networks were tested. In the medical field, the preliminary results obtained with this research show the following: antibiotics of the beta-lactam family are the first choice, 56.35% as general monotherapy, 55.65% in the public hospital and 56.14% in the private hospital; the most used are cefalexin 14.4%, cefazolin 27.1% in both institutions. In the public hospital the frequency is higher than in the private hospital in these situations. It was found that "old" antibiotics or those of the first family of beta-lactam antibiotics are still used as the first choice, so that a guide should be made on the proper dosage and route of administration so as not to cause antibiotic resistance in the future. Regarding the decision support system, 85% accuracy was achieved in the classification of the type of antibiotic administered according to the type of injury suffered by the patient.
Translated title of the contributionEpidemiological Characteristics of the Use of Antibiotics in Patients with Surgical Trauma Treated in the South of Ecuador: A Support System Based on Mobile Applications and Data Mining
Original languageSpanish (Ecuador)
Title of host publicationTIC Y SISTEMAS INTELIGENTES como herramientas de soporte para el manejo, educación y prevención del trauma
PublisherEditorial Universitaria Abya-Yala
Pages43-68
Number of pages26
ISBN (Print)978-9978-10-281-7
StatePublished - 1 Nov 2017

Keywords

  • Antibiotics
  • Data mining
  • Decision-making support
  • Epidemiology
  • Mobile applications
  • Trauma

CACES Knowledge Areas

  • 116A Computer Science

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