Análisis de Inundaciones Costeras por Precipitaciones Intensas, Cambio Climático y Fenómeno de el Niño. Caso De Estudio: Machala

This paper seeks to estimate the threat of flooding by the effects of heavy rains, climate change and ENSO on the Machala city, Ecuador. Were studied seven weather stations of the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (INAMHI), two of which had complete daily data of precipitation and temperature with more than 30 years. Climate change indices were identified using R-ClimDex program, comparing flooding reports of the National Secretariat for Risk Management (SNGR) and the ONI Index. The results shown that Machala is a city at risk from flooding in which extreme precipitation events are the main cause, which present increase both in intensity and frequency, which is consistent with the phenomenon of climate change. In addition it was found that flood and intense reain events are related to the occurrence of ENSO (Niño and Niña). Also was found that high values of minimum temperatures are increasing, more evidence that climate change could be affecting the study area.