Análisis de la Primarización de la Economía en América Latina desde la Base Material del Método Dialéctico

In recent years, Latin America has not only experienced economic growth, but has also had to face a trend towards economic primarization, deindustrialization and the rise of maquiladoras and assembly plants. A classic geopolitical analysis would reveal that the problem lies in the inability of its rulers to manage the states, regardless of their political positioning. Ethical reasons such as these are not enough to achieve a pragmatic change in reality; for this reason, this paper intends to carry out the analysis from the material basis of the dialectical method and ecological economics. For this, in the first place, the historical and epistemological character of capitalism is revealed, with which it is possible to identify categories that go beyond the selfish tendency of "homo economicus". Secondly, the conceptual similarities between the material basis of the dialectical method and ecological economics have been expressed, which incorporates new epistemes that recognize the importance of nature for life, something that environmental economics based on neoclassical theories has not achieved. For this, techniques of analysis of the society-nature metabolism are used, which demonstrates how since colonial times Latin America's participation in the world economy has been as a supplier of raw materials; and how in turn nature has dialectically determined materially the region in its economic and social levels; continuing and accentuating this tendency even during times of economic growth.