Advances in the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Corneal Biomechanics Using Artificial Intelligence and New Technologies

The structure and function of the cornea are significantly influenced by its biomechanical characteristics, and abnormalities in this property can result in a number of pathological conditions, including keratoconus. A new generation of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been created as a result of significant developments in the understanding and analysis of corneal biomechanics in recent years. In this paper, we give an overview of recent studies on corneal biomechanics, including biomimetic eye modeling, deep neuromuscular oculomo-tor control, AI-based diagnostic models, and ultrasound elasticity imaging. We also discuss the potential application of neural networks and genetic algorithms for precise intraocular pressure prediction, as well as microanatomy research for better understanding of corneal structure. We evaluated the effectiveness of various computational analyses of corneal biomechanics for the diagnosis of keratoconus and presented a potential screening index for corneal biomechanics in both healthy and keratoconus patients. The significance of corneal biomechanics in prognosis studies for patients with corneal external mechanical stress mode is covered in the final section. Our review focuses on the promising developments in corneal biomechanics analysis and their potential to enhance the identification and management of corneal pathologies.