Evaluation of Bacillus spp. in the Control of Postharvest Diseases in Fruits of Economic Interest from the Ecuadorian Sierra

This project addresses the challenge of postharvest diseases in fruits from the Ecuadorian Highlands, caused by fungal pathogens such as Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Penicillium, and Alternaria. These diseases cause economic losses exceeding 50% in developing countries and pose risks to human health and the environment due to the intensive use of synthetic fungicides. The research focused on using bacteria of the genus Bacillus spp. as biological control agents. The study evaluated growth kinetics, the production of secondary metabolites (lipopeptides), and the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of selected strains. The methodological approach included antibiogram tests, liquid fermentation, molecular characterization via PCR and sequencing, and bacterial survival assays in wounds of fruits such as strawberries and tree tomatoes. The results allowed for the standardization of protocols for evaluating biocontrol agents and metabolite production. The project positively impacted the academic training of undergraduate and graduate students, strengthened research lines in phytopathology and biotechnology, and generated scientific outputs, including indexed articles and presentations, promoting more sustainable and safer agricultural practices.<br/><br/><b>Goal</b>: <br/>Evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus spp. strains in controlling postharvest diseases in economically important fruits in the Ecuadorian Highlands. The project aims to develop sustainable biological alternatives to reduce reliance on chemical fungicides.<br/><br/><b>Research lines</b>: <br/>Biological control of pests and diseases