Conventional Milk Production and Other Alternatives on Smallholder Farms in the Central and Northern Highlands of Ecuador (Phase 1)

This project addresses the need to evaluate and compare the economic, environmental, and social relevance of conventional, integrated, and organic milk production models within Family Farming (AFC) systems in the central and northern Ecuadorian highlands. The current context shows a dependence on external inputs in the conventional model and a lack of academic discussion and evidence regarding the real impact of production practices. The methodology involves the detailed characterization of 9 conventional farms, selected by altitude zone and land size, through monthly collection of productive data and laboratory analyses (soil, water, milk, pastures). Additionally, specific farms implementing integrated and organic models will be characterized. The final objective is to establish sustainability indicators validated by experts (Delphi Panel) and, through statistical analysis of the systematized information, identify the determining factors driving each model toward sustainability. Results will be socialized with producers and collection centers to inform the reorientation of public policies toward a more rational and efficient use of territorial productive resources.<br/><br/><b>Goal</b>: <br/>To characterize conventional, integrated, and organic milk production models in the central and northern Ecuadorian highlands to identify the key factors that guide these family farming systems toward sustainability.<br/><br/><b>Research lines</b>: <br/>Technologies and innovation in milk and derivatives